2026 國際職場請假英文全攻略：六大假別正確用法、申請句型與專業 Email 範例一次到位

在全球化與遠距工作的時代，英文已成為職場溝通的共通語言，而「請假英文」更是日常行政中最容易被忽略、卻最能展現專業度的細節之一。無論是病假、事假、年假、婚假、產假或喪假，若能用正確、自然且符合國際職場文化的英文表達，不僅能提升申請效率，也能建立可靠、成熟的職場形象。以下將系統化整理六大常見假別英文用語、實務句型、對照表與正式 Email 範例，協助你在跨國或外商環境中從容應對。

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一、首先，病假英文 Sick Leave 的正確用法與語感

在國際職場中，Sick Leave 是最標準、最普遍的病假用語，適用於因疾病、身體不適或受傷而無法出勤的情況。值得注意的是，英文請病假通常不需過度描述病情，重點在於「無法工作」與「是否影響交接」。

常見正確例句如下：
I am feeling unwell today and would like to apply for sick leave.
She has been on sick leave since Monday due to a fever.

部分企業制度中也會看到 Medical Leave，多用於較長期或需醫療證明的狀況。實務上，是否附上 medical certificate 取決於公司規範，而非語言本身。

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二、接著，事假英文 Personal Leave 的實際職場定位

相較於中文的「事假」，英文的 Personal Leave 或美式常見的 Personal Day，語感上更偏向「私人事務」，不需交代細節。這正是跨文化差異的關鍵之一：英文職場通常不要求說明過多私人理由。

常見實用句型包括：
May I request personal leave tomorrow for a family matter?
He’s taking a personal day next Friday.

在正式場合中，Personal Leave 是安全、得體且被廣泛接受的選擇。

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三、再來，年假英文 Annual Leave 與 Vacation 的差異

談到「年假」，最容易混淆的就是英美用法差異。
Annual Leave 為英式與國際企業標準用語，
Vacation 則偏美式口語與書面皆可使用。

例如：
I would like to apply for annual leave from May 10th to May 14th.
We plan to go on vacation during the summer.

在正式 Email 或 HR 系統中，建議優先使用 Annual Leave，以符合制度化語感。

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四、同時，婚假英文 Marriage Leave 的正式表達

Marriage Leave 專指因結婚而核准的假期，屬於制度性假別之一。多數情況下句型相對簡單，不需補充說明。

常見標準句：
I am applying for marriage leave as I will get married next week.

實務上，婚假通常需提前申請，並附上相關證明，這在英文溝通中屬於「默認常識」，不必特別說明。

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五、此外，產假與陪產假英文的精準區分

在國際制度中，產假與陪產假區分相當明確：
Maternity Leave 為女性產假
Paternity Leave 為男性陪產假
而更中性的用語則是 Parental Leave

實用例句如下：
She will start her maternity leave next month.
I’d like to apply for paternity leave as my partner is expecting a baby.

近年許多跨國企業已逐步以 Parental Leave 作為制度名稱，強調性別中立與家庭照顧。

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六、最後，喪假英文 Bereavement Leave 與 Compassionate Leave

「喪假」在英文中最常見的說法是 Bereavement Leave，專指親屬過世所需的假期；而 Compassionate Leave 則多見於英式用法，語意更廣，涵蓋重大家庭變故。

標準例句：
I need to request bereavement leave due to a family loss.

在這類情境中，英文溝通強調簡潔、尊重與同理，不需贅述細節。

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常見假別英文對照總表

中文名稱｜英文假別｜其他常見用法｜常用搭配
病假｜Sick Leave｜Medical Leave｜Apply for sick leave
事假｜Personal Leave｜Personal Day｜Request personal leave
年假｜Annual Leave｜Vacation｜Apply for annual leave
婚假｜Marriage Leave｜—｜Marriage leave
產假｜Maternity Leave｜—｜Apply for maternity leave
陪產假｜Paternity Leave｜—｜Paternity leave
喪假｜Bereavement Leave｜Compassionate Leave｜Bereavement leave

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假別英文通用申請句型整理

在正式職場中，以下句型幾乎適用於所有假別：
I would like to apply for [leave type] from [date] to [date].
May I request [leave type] due to [reason]?

例句：
I would like to apply for sick leave from April 3rd to April 4th.
May I request personal leave due to a family emergency?

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正式英文請假 Email 範例（實務最常用）

病假申請 Email

Subject: Sick Leave Application (April 5, 2026)

Dear Manager,

I am writing to inform you that I am feeling unwell today and would like to apply for sick leave on April 5, 2026. I will keep you updated on my condition and provide a medical certificate if required.

Best regards,
[Your Name]

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年假申請 Email

Subject: Annual Leave Request (May 10–14, 2026)

Dear Manager,

I would like to request annual leave from May 10th to May 14th, 2026. All tasks will be completed in advance, and a handover note will be prepared for the team.

Sincerely,
[Your Name]

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喪假申請 Email

Subject: Bereavement Leave Request

Dear Supervisor,

I regret to inform you that a close family member has passed away. I would like to request bereavement leave from March 7th to March 9th to attend the funeral and handle related matters.

Thank you for your understanding.

Regards,
[Your Name]

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其他常見假別英文補充與應用

以下是幾個國際企業常見但容易忽略的假別用語：
Emergency Leave 緊急假
Compensatory Leave 補休
Study Leave 進修假
Unpaid Leave 無薪假
Parental Leave 育嬰假

相關動詞與片語也十分重要：
Apply for leave
Grant leave
Leave of absence
Call in sick
Take a day off

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跨文化請假英文的三個關鍵提醒

首先，語氣永遠比理由重要。正式請假時，建議使用條件句或主動說明交接安排，例如：
Would it be possible for me to take annual leave next Monday?

其次，文件準備是制度問題而非語言問題，但英文中常會看到 medical certificate、supporting documents 等固定搭配。

最後，國際職場高度重視「事前溝通與交接」，以下句型極為加分：
I will prepare a detailed handover note and brief my colleagues before my leave.

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In conclusion，掌握正確的假別英文不只是翻譯能力，更是國際職場的基本素養。Therefore，熟悉各類 leave 的標準用語與句型，能有效降低溝通成本並建立信任感。Finally，持續透過實際 Email 範例與表格練習，將能讓你在任何跨國工作場域中，自然又專業地完成每一次請假申請。