which 詞性用法一次搞懂｜英文初學者常見6大錯誤與正確用法解析 [Mastering Which: Common Mistakes and Correct Usage for English Beginners]

在英語學習中，which 關係代名詞的正確用法經常讓人困惑。本篇針對初學者最常見 6 大 which 用法錯誤深入分析，詳細解析詞性差異、句型用法與易錯提醒，結合專家建議及大量實例表格，一次學會關係代名詞、疑問代名詞及疑問形容詞 which 的正確應用。文末附加實戰題型表格，讓你運用 which 更加自信！

which 的詞性用法總覽

在英文文法中，「which」的主要詞性包含：關係代名詞、疑問代名詞、疑問形容詞。根據牛津與Cambridge語法指南，這三者分別對應不同句中位置及功能。

詞性	句中功能	常見位置	舉例
關係代名詞	連接、補充說明主詞或事物	關係子句開頭、插入句中	This is the book which I bought yesterday.
疑問代名詞	引導特殊問句	疑問句首	Which is your umbrella?
疑問形容詞	修飾後方名詞	名詞前、疑問句中	Which color do you prefer?

接下來針對各種 which 常見錯誤做詳細解析，讓你在考試與寫作中游刃有餘。想要進一步掌握 which用法，請參考進階教學。

英文初學者常見 which 用法6大錯誤

Which 的誤用情境與常見錯誤觀點

錯誤一：把 which 用於人

which 只能指事物、動物、或整句，不能指人。很多初學者會將 which 誤代替 who 使用於人的場合。

錯誤：That is the teacher which helped me.
正確：That is the teacher who helped me.

錯誤二：which 和 that 混用不當

限定與非限定子句若混用，會出現語意與格式上的錯誤：

子句類型	that 可用	which 可用	逗號使用	範例
限定子句	✔	✔	不加逗號	The car that/which I bought is blue.
非限定子句	✖️	✔	必須加逗號	My car, which I bought last year, is blue.

專家建議：補充說明用 which 並加逗號，定義限定時美式用 that 更佳。

錯誤三：which 子句逗號錯誤

常見錯誤為非限定子句遺漏逗號，使語意混淆：

錯誤：I like my car which is fast.
正確：I like my car, which is fast.

用法說明	是否需逗號	例句
補充主句內容（非限定）	✔	London, which is the capital of England, is big.
指明特定對象（限定）	✖️	The book which is on the table is mine.

錯誤四：疑問代名詞 which 跟 what 混用

問句	建議	範例
選項明確	which	Which do you want, tea or coffee?
選項不明確	what	What do you want for breakfast?

記憶技巧：有明確選擇用 which，無界線用 what。

錯誤五：疑問形容詞順序錯誤或名詞省略

which 擔任疑問形容詞時，必須緊跟修飾名詞。例：

錯誤：Which do you prefer, red or blue?
正確：Which color do you prefer, red or blue?

錯誤六：which 當連接詞錯誤用法

不能用 which 連接兩獨立句！例如：

錯誤：It rained, which I didn’t bring an umbrella.
正確：It rained, so I didn’t bring an umbrella.

更多英文考試提升策略與易錯題剖析，請參考 英文考試提升策略。

關係代名詞 which 用法深度解析

「which」作為關係代名詞的專業應用

which 可引導關係子句，替前述物、動物或整句補充描述。原則如下：

• 指物不指人：如 The house which Jack built.
• 補述前句整句：He passed the test, which surprised everyone.
• 逗號區分補述或限制：My phone, which I bought last year, is still new.

用法	搭配對象	例句
修飾物、動物	替事物、動物	The bag which is red is mine.
指代整句	逗號後補述	I was late, which made me worried.

小提醒： which 如指代整句，必加逗號。

疑問代名詞與疑問形容詞 which ——差異與易錯教學

疑問代名詞 which

提問「哪一個」時，which 可單獨作主語或受詞：

• Which is yours?
• Which did you choose?

疑問形容詞 which

which 要修飾名詞，不可單用：

• Which movie do you want to see?
• Which book is your favorite?

用法	詞性	代表意思	例句
疑問代名詞	代主語/受詞	哪一個	Which is your bag?
疑問形容詞	修飾名詞	哪一個（的）	Which movie will you watch?

常見錯誤： 疑問形容詞單用、或 which 用於無選擇的問句。

which 相關用法比對懶人包

用途	which	that	who	what	when	why
限定子句	✔	✔	有限	–	–	–
非限定子句	✔	×	✔	–	–	–
指人	×	✔	✔	×	×	×
疑問代名詞	✔	×	×	✔	✔	✔
疑問形容詞	✔	×	×	✔	✔	✔
指整個前句	✔	×	×	×	×	×

英語權威專家有效學習建議

• 理解「選擇性」 vs.「限定性」，which 限定選項、what 泛問。
• 多背 which 子句結構例句，訓練語感。
• 用英文邏輯思考，避免直譯。
• 反覆練習逗號用法，分辨指稱與補充。

1. 每週拆解 3 個 which 關係句型。
2. 練習 2 種 which 疑問句型。
3. 寫一段用 which 的描述，請老師批改。

which 用法易錯題型實戰表格

題型說明	錯誤示例	正確示例	解析
指人用 which	She is the lady which I met.	She is the lady who I met.	指人需用 who
疑問名詞混淆	Which do you like, apple or cake?	Which one do you like, apple or cake?	須加名詞或 one
省略名詞	Which book is on the desk?	（正確）	修飾名詞不可省略
關係句用錯連接	He came late, which he was tired.	He came late, so he was tired.	which 不連兩獨立句

隨著英文全球溝通越趨頻繁，精確掌握 which 用法能極大提升專業度與語感。只要持續練習上述重點，牢記詞性、語法差異，哪怕遇到考題、會話、寫作，也能自信運用 which，從容展現英文實力！